Overview :
Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman FRS (7 November 1888 – 21 November 1970) was an Indian physicist known for his work in the field of light scattering. Using a Spectrograph that he developed, he and his student K.S. Krishnan discovered that when a monochromatic light beam traverses a transparent material, the deflected light beam changes its wavelength and frequency. This phenomenon, a hitherto unknown type of Scattering of light, which they called “modified scattering” was subsequently termed the Raman Effect or Raman Scattering. Raman received the 1930 Nobel Prize in Physics for this discovery and was the first Asian to receive a Nobel Prize in any branch of Science.
Born to a Tamil Brahmin parents, Raman was a precious child, completing his secondary and higher secondary education from St Aloysius’ Anglo-Indian High School at the age of 11 and 13, respectively. He topped the Bachelor’s degree examination of the University of Madras with Honours degree in Physics from Presidency College at the age 16. His first research paper, on Diffraction of Light , was published in 1906 while he was still a graduate student. The next year he obtained a Master’s degree. He joined the Indian Finance Service in Kolkata as Assistant Accountant General at the age 19. There, he became acquainted with the Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), the first research institute in India, which allowed him to carry out independent research and where he made his major contributions in Acoustics and Optics.
In 1917, he was appointed the first Palit Professor of Physics by Ashutosh Mukherjee at the Razabazaar Science College under the University of Calcutta. On his first trip to Europe, seeing the Mediterranean Sea motivated him to identify the prevailing explanation for the blue colour of the sea at the time, namely the reflected Rayleigh Scattered light from the sky, as being incorrect. He founded the Indian Journal of Physics in 1926. He moved to Bangalore in 1933 to become the first Indian Director of the Indian Institute of Science. He founded the Indian Academy of Sciences the same year. He established the Raman Research Institute in 1948 where he worked to his last days.
The Raman Effect was discovered on 28 February 1928. The day is celebrated annually by the Govt of India as the National Science Day. In 1954, the Government of India honoured him with the first Bharat Ratna , the highest civilian award of the country.
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Where was Raman born?
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Chidambaram in the Madras Presidency of British India
Tiruchirapalli in the Madras Presidency of British India
Ernakulum in the Madras Presidency of British India
Sent to home because Plague broke out in Oxford in 1665.
At what age , while still a graduate student, he published his first scientific paper on “Unsymmetrical diffraction bands due to a rectangular aperture” in the British journal Philosophical Magazine in 1906 ?
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15
19
17
18
Raman qualified for the Indian Finance Service achieving first position in the entrance examination in February 1907. In which post, he was posted to this lucrative job in Kolkata in 1907?
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Assistant Auditor Accountant General
Auditor Accountant General
Assistant Accountant General
Accountant General
Which research institute in Kolkata, Raman came in contact where he worked to discover his path breaking theory of Raman Effect ?
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Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics
University of Calcutta
Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS)
Asiatic Society
What was the name of the steam-ship in which Raman was travelling through the Mediterranean Sea on his return voyage from England , where he put forward a new explanation for the blue colouration of the sea?
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S.S. Delhi
S.S. Narkunda
S.S. Explorer
S.S. Gallois
Before Raman, a very famous English physicist has asserted that the blue colour of the sea was simply due to the reflection of the blue sky which Raman proved to be wrong by his experiments. Who was the English physicist ?
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James Prescott Joule
Robert Hooke
Michael Faraday
Lord Rayleigh
Which device, aboard the steamship, did Raman use to prove that the blue colour of the sea was not due to the reflection of the blue sky; but due to the predominant scattering of blue light by the water particles?
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Periscope
Binocular
Spectroscope
Nicol Prism
While in Kolkata during his early days , Raman was appointed as the first Professor of Physics to a prestigious Chair of Kolkata University in 1917. What was this Chair called ?
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Saha Chair of Physics
Palit Professor of Physics
Ashutosh Mukherjee Chair of Physics
Bose Chair of Physics
The Elastic and Inelastic scatterings of light are two important scattering phenomena that always happen when a monochromatic light beam impinges on a molecule. While the Elastic scattering occurs with no change in photon energy, the Inelastic scattering occurs with a change in photon energy. Raleigh scattering and Raman scattering are examples of :
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Elastic and Non-elastic scattering respectively
Non-elastic and Non-elastic scattering respectively
Non-elastic and Elastic scattering respectively
Elastic and Elastic scattering respectively
In which year did Raman discover his famous Raman Effect and in which year he was awarded Nobel Prize in Physics?
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1930; 1928 respectively
1920; 1930 respectively
1928; 1930 respectively
1928; 1931 respectively
Raman discovered that when a transparent material like solid or liquid is illuminated by a beam of monochromatic light, the scattered beam contains wavelengths other than the incident light. Which wavelengths are associated with Raman Effect ?
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Scattered wavelengths equal to the incident wavelengths
Scattered wavelengths higher than the incident wavelengths
Scattered wavelengths less than the incident wavelengths
Scattered wavelengths much higher than the incident wavelengths
Which transparent medium did Raman use to observe his famous Scattering Effect (Raman Effect)
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Water
Benzene
Alcohol
Diamond
What was the name of the instrument that Raman used to discover his famous Raman Effect ?
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Telescope
Nicol Prism
Spectrograph
Electron Microscope
Which other field of Science did Raman work apart from Optics?
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Mechanics
Acoustics
Thermodynamics
Electricity and Magnetism
Who was the key research associate of Raman for his discovery of the famous Raman Effect ?
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K.R. Ramanathan
K.S. Krishnan
G.N. Ramachandran
Shivaramakrishnan
Two Russian physicists also independently discovered the Raman Effect almost at the same time in 1928. Because their research papers were published late, they were not considered for Nobel Prize. Who were the two Russian physicists?
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Alexey Aleksandrovich Alexandrov and Vladimir Alexandrov
Anatoly Ivanovich Akishin and Vasily Ivanovich Aksyonov
Yevgeny Adamov and Viktor Adamsky
Grigory Landsberg and Leonid Mandelstam
What is NOT true about Raman?
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He was the first Indian to have received a Nobel Prize in Physics.
He was the first Asian to have received a Nobel Prize in Physics.
He proved that Raleigh’s explanation for the blue colour of the sea to be wrong.
Raman’s scattering was an example of Ilastic scattering.
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